List of Cannabinoids and Their Effects Unveiling Natures Secrets

List of cannabinoids and their effects – Embark on a fascinating journey with the
-list of cannabinoids and their effects*, a realm where the secrets of the cannabis plant and its less-known botanical cousins unfold before our very eyes. We’ll delve into the origins of these incredible compounds, from the sun-drenched fields where they’re cultivated to the intricate extraction methods that unlock their potential. Prepare to be amazed by the diverse world of cannabinoids, where each molecule holds a unique key to unlocking therapeutic possibilities.

Our adventure begins with a deep dive into the plants themselves. We’ll explore the primary sources of these amazing compounds, going beyond the familiar cannabis plant to discover other botanical treasures that contribute to the cannabinoid universe. Next, we’ll venture into the labs, witnessing the evolution of extraction techniques, from ancient methods to cutting-edge technologies. Imagine the skill and precision required to isolate these precious compounds, each a tiny piece of a much larger puzzle.

Then, we will unlock the secrets of our bodies, and how cannabinoids interact with our internal systems, focusing on the CB1 and CB2 receptors and others, understanding how they create a symphony of effects within us. We’ll then journey into the effects of each cannabinoid, with a special focus on THC and CBD, and their impact on the mind and body.

You’ll discover the potential therapeutic uses of a range of other cannabinoids, presented in a clear and easy-to-understand format.

Exploring the diverse origins of cannabinoids reveals their varied sources and extraction methods.

From the sun-drenched fields of cannabis farms to the secret recesses of specialized laboratories, the journey of cannabinoids is a fascinating one. These remarkable compounds, capable of interacting with our bodies in profound ways, don’t simply appear; they are meticulously cultivated and extracted from a variety of sources. Understanding their origins and the techniques used to bring them to us is crucial to appreciating the science and the potential of these intriguing molecules.

This exploration will delve into the diverse origins of cannabinoids, from the well-known cannabis plant to lesser-known botanical sources, and then meticulously examine the sophisticated methods used to extract and isolate these valuable compounds.

Primary Plant Sources of Cannabinoids

The world of cannabinoids extends beyond the familiar realm of cannabis. While

• Cannabis sativa* and
• Cannabis indica* are the primary sources, a wider botanical landscape offers a glimpse into the diverse origins of these fascinating compounds. The presence of cannabinoids in other plants highlights the evolutionary significance of these molecules and their potential applications.

Cannabis, of course, is the superstar. Within the cannabis plant, the highest concentrations of cannabinoids are found in the trichomes – tiny, resinous glands that coat the flowers and leaves. These trichomes are the factories where cannabinoids like tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) are synthesized. Different strains of cannabis have been selectively bred to produce varying ratios of these and other cannabinoids, catering to a wide range of therapeutic and recreational preferences.

The plant’s ability to adapt and thrive in diverse climates has also contributed to the genetic diversity observed in different cannabis varieties.However, the cannabinoid story doesn’t end with cannabis. Other plants, albeit in lower concentrations, also harbor these intriguing compounds. One notable example is the

• Echinacea* plant, a well-known herb often used to boost the immune system. Research has revealed the presence of cannabinoids in certain
• Echinacea* species, although the specific types and concentrations vary. The
• Helichrysum umbraculigerum* plant, a member of the sunflower family, has also been found to contain cannabinoids. This plant, native to South Africa, has a long history of traditional use, and its cannabinoid content suggests further avenues for exploration. Even the cacao plant, from which chocolate is derived, contains compounds that interact with the endocannabinoid system, although these are not true cannabinoids.

  The discovery of cannabinoids in these diverse plant sources hints at a broader role for these compounds in the plant kingdom and offers exciting possibilities for future research and applications. The presence of these compounds across different plant species underlines the intricate connections within the natural world and the potential for uncovering novel therapeutic benefits.

Extraction Methods Used to Isolate Cannabinoids

Extracting cannabinoids is a delicate art, transforming plant material into potent, concentrated products. Several methods are employed, each with its own advantages and drawbacks. The choice of extraction method influences the final product’s purity, potency, and the range of cannabinoids and other compounds it contains.* CO2 Extraction: This method utilizes carbon dioxide (CO2) under high pressure and low temperatures to extract cannabinoids.

It’s often considered a “clean” method because CO2 is a non-toxic solvent that can be easily removed, leaving behind a pure extract.

Pros

Produces high-quality extracts, avoids residual solvents, and allows for precise control over the extraction process. The process can be adjusted to selectively target specific compounds.

Cons

Requires specialized and expensive equipment, and the initial investment can be substantial. The process can be time-consuming.

Solvent Extraction

This method uses solvents like ethanol, butane, or propane to dissolve cannabinoids from the plant material. The solvent is then evaporated, leaving behind a concentrated extract.

Pros

Can be a relatively inexpensive and efficient method, especially for large-scale extraction. It can yield a broad spectrum of cannabinoids and other compounds.

Cons

The potential for residual solvent contamination is a significant concern. The process can be dangerous if not handled properly, especially with flammable solvents. The extracts can sometimes require further refinement.

Other Extraction Methods

Other methods exist, including:

Ethanol Extraction

Uses ethanol as the solvent.

Olive Oil Extraction

A simple method for home use, infusing cannabinoids into olive oil.

Ice Water Extraction (Bubble Hash)

Uses ice water and agitation to separate trichomes.The selection of a specific extraction method depends on various factors, including the desired end product, the scale of production, and regulatory considerations. The goal is always to maximize the extraction of cannabinoids while minimizing the presence of unwanted compounds and ensuring the safety of the final product. Understanding these different methods is essential for appreciating the complexity and precision involved in bringing these compounds from the plant to the consumer.

Historical Context and the Evolution of Cannabinoid Extraction Techniques

The evolution of cannabinoid extraction techniques is a story of innovation, driven by a growing understanding of the cannabis plant and a desire to harness its therapeutic potential. From ancient practices to modern technologies, the journey reflects a continuous pursuit of efficiency, purity, and safety.Historically, the methods were rudimentary. Early civilizations, dating back thousands of years, primarily consumed cannabis through smoking or ingesting the plant material directly.

Simple techniques like hand-rubbing the plant to collect resin (hashish) were employed. These methods, while effective to a degree, lacked precision and control. The resulting products were often crude and variable in potency.The 20th century witnessed the beginnings of more sophisticated extraction methods. Solvent extraction, using solvents like alcohol and petroleum ether, became increasingly common. However, the lack of precise control over the extraction process and the potential for residual solvent contamination presented challenges.

The emergence of the scientific method and advancements in analytical chemistry laid the groundwork for the development of more advanced techniques.The late 20th and early 21st centuries saw the rise of CO2 extraction. This method, initially employed in other industries, offered a safer and more efficient way to extract cannabinoids. The ability to precisely control the temperature and pressure during the extraction process allowed for the selective targeting of specific cannabinoids and other compounds.

The evolution of CO2 extraction has led to a range of variations, including supercritical CO2 extraction, which further enhances efficiency and purity.The ongoing evolution of cannabinoid extraction techniques is marked by continuous refinement and innovation. Researchers are constantly exploring new solvents, developing more efficient extraction equipment, and refining techniques to optimize the purity and potency of the final products. The development of advanced analytical tools, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), has played a crucial role in enabling precise analysis of cannabinoid profiles and ensuring product quality.

The industry is also witnessing a growing focus on sustainability, with efforts to minimize waste and reduce the environmental impact of extraction processes. The journey from ancient practices to cutting-edge technologies reflects a continuous drive to unlock the full potential of cannabinoids and deliver safe, effective products to consumers.

Understanding the specific receptors that cannabinoids interact with unveils their complex biological mechanisms.

The magic of cannabinoids isn’t just in their chemical structures; it’s in how they interact with our bodies. This interaction, a delicate dance at the cellular level, is orchestrated by specific receptors that act like tiny locks, waiting for the key of a cannabinoid to fit. Understanding these receptors – where they are, what they do, and how they interact – is the key to unlocking the full potential of these fascinating compounds.

CB1 and CB2: The Dynamic Duo of Cannabinoid Receptors

The two main players in the cannabinoid receptor game are CB1 and CB2. Think of them as the dynamic duo, each with a specific role to play in the body’s symphony. They are not just scattered randomly; their locations and functions are quite distinct, influencing a wide array of physiological processes.CB1 receptors are primarily found in the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord.

They are also present in other areas, such as the lungs, liver, and kidneys, but their highest concentration is in the brain. The hippocampus, which is involved in memory; the amygdala, which processes emotions; and the cerebellum, which controls motor function, all have a high density of CB1 receptors. Their primary function is to modulate neuronal activity, influencing everything from mood and appetite to pain perception and motor control.

• Consider a scenario where you’re experiencing chronic pain. When a cannabinoid, such as THC, binds to CB1 receptors in the brain, it can reduce the perception of pain by interfering with the pain signals sent to the brain. This is why cannabis can be effective in managing pain.
• The presence of CB1 receptors in the hippocampus explains why cannabis can sometimes affect memory. It can temporarily impair short-term memory function.
• In the amygdala, CB1 receptor activation can influence emotional responses, potentially reducing anxiety or promoting feelings of relaxation.

CB2 receptors, on the other hand, are mainly found in the immune system, including cells like macrophages and B cells. They also exist in the spleen, tonsils, and other immune-related tissues. While CB2 receptors are less prevalent in the brain than CB1, they are present in glial cells, which support the nervous system. Their primary function is to regulate the immune response, helping to reduce inflammation and modulate immune cell activity.

• Imagine a person with an autoimmune disease. Activation of CB2 receptors by cannabinoids could potentially help to dampen the overactive immune response, reducing inflammation and tissue damage.
• In the context of a brain injury, CB2 receptors on glial cells may play a role in reducing inflammation and promoting recovery.
• The presence of CB2 receptors in the spleen suggests a role in regulating the body’s response to infection and disease.

Signaling Pathways: The Cellular Dance

When a cannabinoid binds to a CB1 or CB2 receptor, it’s like flicking a switch, setting off a cascade of events within the cell. These events, known as signaling pathways, are the cellular mechanisms that ultimately lead to the effects we experience. The specifics of these pathways, and the resulting cellular effects, are different depending on which receptor is activated.When a cannabinoid activates a CB1 receptor, it typically leads to a decrease in the release of neurotransmitters, such as glutamate and GABA.

This is because CB1 receptors are often coupled to G proteins, specifically Gi/o proteins. This activation can inhibit the enzyme adenylyl cyclase, which decreases the production of cyclic AMP (cAMP). Lower cAMP levels can then lead to a reduction in the release of neurotransmitters.

• A reduction in glutamate release can lead to decreased neuronal excitability, potentially reducing anxiety or pain.
• Inhibition of GABA release can have the opposite effect, potentially increasing neuronal excitability and leading to different effects.
• This process can also influence other cellular functions, such as gene expression and protein synthesis, leading to longer-term effects on neuronal function.

CB2 receptor activation also often involves G protein signaling, but the specific pathways and effects can differ. When a cannabinoid activates a CB2 receptor, it often leads to the suppression of inflammatory responses. This happens because CB2 activation can inhibit the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which are signaling molecules that promote inflammation.

• This suppression of inflammatory responses is a key reason why cannabinoids may be beneficial in treating conditions characterized by inflammation, such as arthritis or inflammatory bowel disease.
• CB2 activation can also influence the activity of immune cells, such as macrophages, potentially leading to a decrease in their activity and a reduction in inflammation.
• CB2 receptors can also interact with other signaling pathways, such as the MAPK pathway, which is involved in cell growth and differentiation.

Beyond CB1 and CB2: Exploring the Wider Receptor Landscape

While CB1 and CB2 are the most well-known cannabinoid receptors, they are not the only ones. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is complex, and other receptors play a role in mediating the effects of cannabinoids. These additional receptors, although less studied, are essential in understanding the complete picture of how cannabinoids work.One notable example is the G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55), sometimes referred to as the “third cannabinoid receptor.” Although it is not universally accepted as a true cannabinoid receptor, it does interact with some cannabinoids, such as THC, and is found in the brain, spleen, and intestines.

Its activation can lead to a variety of effects, including influencing pain perception and bone growth.

• Studies suggest that GPR55 activation can increase neuronal excitability, potentially leading to anxiety or other effects.
• It has also been linked to bone remodeling and may play a role in bone health.

Another receptor of interest is the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptor, which is not technically a cannabinoid receptor, but it is activated by some cannabinoids, such as capsaicin. TRPV1 receptors are involved in pain perception and inflammation, and their activation can lead to a variety of effects.

• TRPV1 receptors are found in sensory neurons, and their activation can lead to the sensation of heat or pain.
• They also play a role in regulating inflammation and may be involved in the treatment of pain conditions.

Finally, there’s the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), which are nuclear receptors that are activated by some cannabinoids, such as CBD. PPARs are involved in a variety of cellular processes, including inflammation, metabolism, and cell differentiation.

• PPAR activation can have anti-inflammatory effects and may be beneficial in treating conditions such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
• The interaction of cannabinoids with PPARs highlights the diverse ways in which these compounds can influence cellular function.

The ECS is a sophisticated network, and research into these additional receptors is constantly evolving. Understanding the full range of receptors that cannabinoids interact with will continue to deepen our understanding of their therapeutic potential and their effects on the body.

Delving into the specific effects of various cannabinoids offers insight into their therapeutic potential.

The fascinating world of cannabinoids holds immense promise for improving human health. By exploring the individual effects of these compounds, we can better understand their potential to treat a wide range of conditions. This journey into the specifics of each cannabinoid unveils a complex interplay of biological processes, offering hope for innovative therapeutic strategies.

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Effects on Body and Mind, List of cannabinoids and their effects

THC, the primary psychoactive component of cannabis, is renowned for its diverse effects. Its influence spans both the mind and body, and understanding these impacts is crucial for appreciating its potential benefits and risks.THC interacts with the body’s endocannabinoid system (ECS), a complex network of receptors and neurotransmitters that play a vital role in regulating various physiological functions. This interaction is responsible for the wide range of effects attributed to THC.

Here’s a closer look:* Psychoactive Properties: THC’s ability to bind to CB1 receptors in the brain is what produces its psychoactive effects. These effects can vary greatly depending on the dose, method of consumption, and individual factors like tolerance and mental state.

Common psychoactive effects include euphoria, altered perception of time, increased sensory awareness (e.g., heightened colors, sounds), and changes in mood.

In some individuals, THC can induce anxiety, paranoia, or even panic attacks, particularly at higher doses or in those prone to such reactions. This highlights the importance of starting with low doses and monitoring one’s response. THC’s impact on cognitive function is also noteworthy. It can impair short-term memory, coordination, and attention.

This is why driving or operating heavy machinery under the influence of THC is strongly discouraged.

Pain Management

THC’s analgesic (pain-relieving) properties are well-documented. It interacts with the ECS to reduce pain signals, making it a potential treatment option for chronic pain conditions.

THC can be effective in managing neuropathic pain (nerve damage), inflammatory pain (e.g., arthritis), and cancer-related pain.

Studies have shown that THC can reduce pain intensity, improve sleep quality, and enhance overall quality of life for individuals suffering from chronic pain.

The efficacy of THC in pain management is often attributed to its ability to reduce inflammation, modulate pain pathways, and provide a sense of relaxation and well-being.

Other Physiological Effects

Beyond its psychoactive and pain-relieving properties, THC also influences other bodily functions.

It can stimulate appetite, making it beneficial for individuals experiencing appetite loss due to medical conditions or treatments like chemotherapy. This is often referred to as the “munchies.”

THC can also reduce nausea and vomiting, making it helpful for individuals undergoing chemotherapy or suffering from other conditions that cause these symptoms.

Some studies suggest that THC may have neuroprotective properties, potentially protecting brain cells from damage. However, more research is needed in this area. It can also cause dry mouth, red eyes, and increased heart rate. These side effects are generally mild and temporary. It’s important to remember that the effects of THC can vary greatly depending on the individual and the specific product.

Always start with a low dose and consult with a healthcare professional before using THC for medical purposes. For example, a patient with chronic back pain might find significant relief from a THC-infused topical cream, whereas someone with a history of anxiety might experience heightened paranoia. The difference in effect highlights the need for personalized dosing and careful monitoring. The use of cannabis-derived medications should always be done under the supervision of a qualified healthcare provider to ensure safety and effectiveness.

Examining the synergistic relationships between cannabinoids unveils the entourage effect.

The beauty of cannabis, and what truly sets it apart from many other plant-based medicines, isn’t just the individual cannabinoids. It’s the way these compounds, along with terpenes and other plant components, work together in a symphony of effects. This cooperative interaction is known as the entourage effect, a concept that’s revolutionizing our understanding of cannabis’s therapeutic potential. It’s like a band: each musician is talented, but when they play together, the music becomes something greater than the sum of its parts.

Understanding the Entourage Effect

The entourage effect is a complex phenomenon where the various compounds in cannabis, including cannabinoids and terpenes, interact with each other to modulate the overall effects. Instead of each compound acting in isolation, they work synergistically, meaning their combined effect is greater than the sum of their individual effects. This can lead to enhanced therapeutic benefits, reduced side effects, and a more balanced experience for the user.

Think of it as a well-orchestrated dance; each partner has a role, and their coordinated movements create a more compelling performance.Here’s how this happens:* Receptor Modulation: Cannabinoids like THC and CBD bind to cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) in the brain and body. Terpenes can also interact with these receptors, influencing how cannabinoids bind and affecting the overall response.

Enhanced Bioavailability

Some terpenes can improve the absorption of cannabinoids, making them more readily available to the body.

Reduced Side Effects

Certain compounds can counteract unwanted side effects of others. For instance, CBD can help mitigate the psychoactive effects of THC, making it a more manageable experience for some users.

Multi-Targeted Approach

The entourage effect allows for a multi-faceted approach to treatment. Instead of targeting a single receptor, the combined action of various compounds can influence multiple pathways in the body, potentially leading to more comprehensive therapeutic benefits.

Specific Cannabinoid Combinations and Their Synergistic Effects

The possibilities of the entourage effect are vast, with countless combinations of cannabinoids and terpenes offering unique therapeutic profiles. Let’s delve into some examples:* THC and CBD for Pain Relief: This is perhaps the most well-studied example. THC, known for its pain-relieving properties, can also cause anxiety in some individuals. CBD, on the other hand, is known for its anxiolytic (anxiety-reducing) effects.

When combined, CBD can modulate the psychoactive effects of THC, allowing for effective pain relief with potentially fewer negative side effects. Many clinical studies and patient testimonials support this combination’s efficacy in managing chronic pain conditions, including neuropathic pain and inflammatory pain. Imagine a seesaw; THC elevates the pain relief, while CBD balances the potential anxiety, creating a smoother experience.

CBD and Myrcene for Anxiety and Sleep

Myrcene, a terpene found in many cannabis strains, is known for its sedative and relaxing properties. When combined with CBD, which also has anxiolytic effects, the result can be a powerful combination for reducing anxiety and promoting sleep. Patients suffering from insomnia and anxiety often report significant improvements with this combination. This is a perfect example of a team effort, where both partners contribute to a shared goal of serenity.

THC and CBC for Anti-Inflammatory Effects

CBC (cannabichromene) is a cannabinoid known for its anti-inflammatory properties. When combined with THC, which also has anti-inflammatory effects, the synergistic effect can be significantly enhanced. This combination may be particularly beneficial for conditions involving inflammation, such as arthritis or inflammatory bowel disease. This is like a dynamic duo, working in tandem to combat inflammation.

CBG and Terpenes for Glaucoma

CBG (cannabigerol) is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid that has shown promise in reducing intraocular pressure, a key factor in glaucoma. When combined with specific terpenes like pinene and limonene, the effects may be further enhanced, offering a potential therapeutic approach for managing glaucoma. This could potentially reduce the reliance on conventional medications, providing a natural alternative for managing eye health.

THCV and CBD for Appetite Regulation

THCV (tetrahydrocannabivarin) is a unique cannabinoid known for its appetite-suppressing effects. When combined with CBD, this combination could potentially help regulate appetite and manage weight. This combination may be helpful for individuals struggling with overeating or obesity, providing a novel approach to weight management.

Impact of the Entourage Effect on Therapeutic Potential

The entourage effect significantly impacts the therapeutic potential of cannabis-based treatments. It suggests that whole-plant extracts, containing a diverse range of cannabinoids and terpenes, may be more effective than isolated cannabinoids. This is because the synergistic interactions can lead to enhanced efficacy, reduced side effects, and a more personalized treatment approach. The ability of different compounds to work together can lead to more comprehensive therapeutic benefits than relying on a single isolated compound.Current research is actively supporting the concept of the entourage effect:* Clinical Trials: Numerous clinical trials are investigating the efficacy of whole-plant extracts compared to isolated cannabinoids.

These studies often show that whole-plant extracts are more effective in treating certain conditions, such as chronic pain and epilepsy.

Preclinical Studies

Preclinical studies, including those using animal models, have demonstrated the synergistic effects of various cannabinoid and terpene combinations. These studies often focus on specific conditions, such as cancer, inflammation, and anxiety, and provide insights into the mechanisms underlying the entourage effect.

Patient Reports

Patient reports and anecdotal evidence consistently highlight the benefits of whole-plant extracts. Many patients report that they experience better symptom relief and fewer side effects with whole-plant products compared to isolated cannabinoids.

Pharmacokinetic Studies

Research into the pharmacokinetics (how the body processes drugs) of cannabinoids and terpenes is revealing how they interact with each other in the body. This includes studying how they are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated, which helps to understand how they influence each other’s effects.The entourage effect represents a paradigm shift in how we approach cannabis-based treatments. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the complex interactions between cannabinoids, terpenes, and other plant components.

This knowledge is crucial for developing effective and personalized cannabis-based therapies that can address a wide range of medical conditions. The future of cannabis medicine lies in harnessing the power of the whole plant, unlocking its full therapeutic potential.

Investigating the potential adverse effects and risks associated with cannabinoid use is crucial.: List Of Cannabinoids And Their Effects

Understanding the potential downsides of cannabinoid use is just as important as appreciating their benefits. It’s like knowing the speed limit before you hit the gas – you want to enjoy the ride safely. This section will delve into the less glamorous aspects of cannabinoids, ensuring you have a complete picture. We’ll explore the possible side effects of THC, the risks associated with CBD, and what the long game looks like regarding long-term use.

Knowledge is power, and in this case, it’s the power to make informed decisions about your well-being.

Potential Side Effects of THC

The effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive component in cannabis, aren’t always sunshine and rainbows. Sometimes, the experience can be a bit more…complicated. Understanding these potential side effects is key to responsible use.

• Anxiety: Imagine your brain is a party, and THC is the uninvited guest who starts turning up the music too loud. Anxiety can manifest as a sudden surge of worry, nervousness, or panic. It’s like your inner critic got a megaphone. Some individuals might experience racing thoughts, a rapid heartbeat, and a feeling of impending doom.
• Paranoia: This is where things get a little Hitchcockian. Paranoia involves feelings of distrust and suspicion, often directed towards others. It’s like believing everyone at the party is secretly plotting against you. This can include feeling like you’re being watched, that people are talking about you, or that your thoughts are being broadcast.
• Cognitive Impairment: THC can temporarily mess with your mental processing. Think of it as a software update that slows down your computer. This can affect memory, attention, and decision-making. Simple tasks might become challenging, and you might struggle to recall recent events.
• Other Side Effects: Beyond anxiety, paranoia, and cognitive issues, THC can also cause other unpleasant experiences, such as:
  • Dry mouth (cottonmouth)
  • Red eyes
  • Increased heart rate
  • Dizziness
  • Changes in appetite

Who’s most susceptible to these effects? Well, it’s not a one-size-fits-all situation. Several factors can increase your vulnerability:

• Pre-existing Mental Health Conditions: Individuals with a history of anxiety, depression, or psychosis are at a higher risk of experiencing adverse psychological effects from THC.
• High THC Potency: Stronger strains or products contain a higher concentration of THC, which can intensify the side effects.
• Method of Consumption: Inhaling THC (e.g., smoking or vaping) leads to faster absorption and a more intense effect compared to edibles.
• Individual Sensitivity: Some people are simply more sensitive to THC than others due to differences in their endocannabinoid system.
• Age: Adolescents and young adults are particularly vulnerable to the negative cognitive and mental health effects of THC because their brains are still developing.

Consider the case of Sarah, a college student with a history of mild anxiety. She decided to try a THC gummy at a party. The dose was higher than she anticipated, and within an hour, she experienced intense paranoia and a panic attack. This highlights the importance of starting with a low dose, especially if you have any underlying mental health concerns.